GPR120

G-protein coupled receptor 120 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR120 gene.[5][6]

FFAR4
Identifiers
Aliases	FFAR4, BMIQ10, GPR120, GPR129, GT01, O3FAR1, PGR4, free fatty acid receptor 4
External IDs	OMIM: 609044 MGI: 2147577 HomoloGene: 18769 GeneCards: FFAR4
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human)[1] Band 10q23.33 Start 93,566,665 bp[1] End 93,604,480 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 C2 Start 38,097,071 bp[2] End 38,114,263 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • peptide binding • signal transducer activity • taste receptor activity • fatty acid binding • lipid binding • G-protein coupled receptor activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • membrane • endocytic vesicle • integral component of plasma membrane • cell membrane Biological process • hormone secretion • negative regulation of apoptotic process • response to peptide • cellular response to hormone stimulus • negative regulation of cytokine secretion • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • regulation of glucose transport • negative regulation of inflammatory response • fat cell differentiation • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste • positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	338557	107221
Ensembl	ENSG00000186188	ENSMUSG00000054200
UniProt	Q5NUL3	Q7TMA4
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001195755 NM_181745	NM_181748
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001182684 NP_859529	NP_861413
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 93.57 – 93.6 Mb	Chr 19: 38.1 – 38.11 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

GPR120 is a member of the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs).[5][6]

GPR120 has also been shown to mediate the anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects of omega 3 fatty acids.[7] Lack of GPR120 is responsible for reduced fat metabolism, thereby leading to obesity.[8]

Additionally, GPR120 has been implicated to be involved in the ability to taste fats.[9] It is expressed in taste bud cells (specifically cell type II, which contain other G-protein coupled taste receptors), and its absence leads to reduced preference to two types of fatty acid (linoleic acid and oleic acid), as well as decreased neuronal response to oral fatty acids.[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186188 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054200 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Fredriksson R, Höglund PJ, Gloriam DE, Lagerström MC, Schiöth HB (Nov 2003). "Seven evolutionarily conserved human rhodopsin G protein-coupled receptors lacking close relatives". FEBS Lett. 554 (3): 381–8. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01196-7. PMID 14623098. S2CID 11563502.
6. "Entrez Gene: GPR120 G protein-coupled receptor 120".
7. Oh DY, Talukdar S, Bae EJ, Imamura T, Morinaga H, Fan W, Li P, Lu WJ, Watkins SM, Olefsky JM (2010). "GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects". Cell. 142 (5): 687–698. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.041. PMC 2956412. PMID 20813258.
8. Ichimura A, Hirasawa A, Poulain-Godefroy O, Bonnefond A, Hara T, Yengo L, et al. (2012). "Dysfunction of lipid sensor GPR120 leads to obesity in both mouse and human" (PDF). Nature. 483 (7389): 350–4. doi:10.1038/nature10798. hdl:2433/153278. PMID 22343897. S2CID 4427480.
9. Dipatrizio, N. V. (2014). "Is fat taste ready for primetime?". Physiology & Behavior. 136: 145–54. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.03.002. PMC 4162865. PMID 24631296.
10. Cartoni C, Yasumatsu K, Ohkuri T, Shigemura N, Yoshida R, Godinot N, Coutre J, Ninomiya Y, Damak S (2010). "Taste preference for fatty acids is mediated by GPR40 and GPR120". J Neurosci. 30 (25): 8376–82. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0496-10.2010. PMC 6634626. PMID 20573884.

Further reading

• Vassilatis DK, Hohmann JG, Zeng H, Li F, Ranchalis JE, Mortrud MT, Brown A, Rodriguez SS, Weller JR, Wright AC, Bergmann JE, Gaitanaris GA (2003). "The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (8): 4903–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0230374100. PMC 153653. PMID 12679517.
• Hirasawa A, Tsumaya K, Awaji T, Katsuma S, Adachi T, Yamada M, Sugimoto Y, Miyazaki S, Tsujimoto G (2005). "Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120". Nat. Med. 11 (1): 90–4. doi:10.1038/nm1168. PMID 15619630. S2CID 36845443.
• Oh JH, Yang JO, Hahn Y, Kim MR, Byun SS, Jeon YJ, Kim JM, Song KS, Noh SM, Kim S, Yoo HS, Kim YS, Kim NS (2006). "Transcriptome analysis of human gastric cancer". Mamm. Genome. 16 (12): 942–54. doi:10.1007/s00335-005-0075-2. PMID 16341674. S2CID 69278.