KLF3

Krüppel-like factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KLF3 gene.

KLF3
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1P7A, 1U85, 1U86
Identifiers
Aliases	KLF3, BKLF, Kruppel-like factor 3 (basic), Kruppel like factor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 609392 MGI: 1342773 HomoloGene: 7396 GeneCards: KLF3
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 4 (human)[1] Band 4p14 Start 38,664,197 bp[1] End 38,701,517 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 5 (mouse)[2] Band 5|5 C3.1 Start 64,803,388 bp[2] End 64,832,901 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • GO:0001131, GO:0001151, GO:0001130, GO:0001204 DNA-binding transcription factor activity • DNA binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • metal ion binding • nucleic acid binding • RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding • GO:0001200, GO:0001133, GO:0001201 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component • cell nucleus • nucleoplasm Biological process • multicellular organism development • cellular response to peptide • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	51274	16599
Ensembl	ENSG00000109787	ENSMUSG00000029178
UniProt	P57682	Q60980
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_016531	NM_008453
RefSeq (protein)	NP_057615	NP_032479
Location (UCSC)	Chr 4: 38.66 – 38.7 Mb	Chr 5: 64.8 – 64.83 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Structure

KLF3, originally termed Basic Krüppel-like Factor (BKLF), was the third member of the Krüppel-like factor family of zinc finger transcription factors to be discovered.[5] Transcription factors in this family bind DNA by virtue of 3 characteristic three C₂H₂ zinc fingers at their C-termini. Since their DNA-binding domains are highly conserved within the family, all KLF proteins recognize CACCC or CGCCC boxes of the general form NCR CRC CCN, (where N is any base and R is a purine).

Function

While the C-termini are similar in different KLFs, the N-termini vary and accordingly different KLFs can either activate or repress transcription or both. KLF3 appears to function predominantly as a repressor of transcription. It turns genes off. It does this by recruiting the C-terminal Binding Protein co-repressors CTBP1 and CTBP2.[6][7] CtBP docks onto a short motif (residues 61-65) in the N-terminus of KLF3, of the general form Proline – Isoleucine – Aspartate – Leucine – Serine (the PIDLS motif).[6][7] CtBP in turn recruits histone modifying enzymes to alter chromatin and repress gene expression.

KLF3 is expressed highly in the red blood cell or erythroid lineage. Here it is driven by another KLF, Erythroid KLF or KLF1, and its expression increases as erythroid cells mature. Studies in knockout mice reveal a mild anemia in the absence of functional KLF3 and the de-repression of several target genes that contain CACCC boxes in their regulatory regions.[8] Many of these genes are activated by KLF1, hence it appears that KLF3 operates in a negative feedback loop to balance the activating potential of KLF1. KLF3 also regulates another repressive KLF, KLF8.[9] Thus KLF1, KLF3 and KLF8 operate in a tight regulatory network. KLF3 and KLF8 may have redundant functions, as mice lacking both KLF3 and KLF8 show defects that are more severe than in either single knockout. They die in utero around day 14 of gestation.[10]

As well as being expressed in erythroid cells, KLF3 is present in other cell types and analysis of the knockout mice has revealed defects affecting adipose tissue[11] and B cells.[12] KLF3 deficient mice have less adipose tissue and indications of metabolic health that may be attributable to de-repression of the adipokine hormone gene adipolin.[13] The role of KLF3 in B lymphocytes is complex but it appears to operate in a network with KLF2 and KLF4 to influence the switch between spleen marginal zone and follicular B cells.[14]

Interactions

KLF3 has been shown to interact with:

• CTBP2[6][7] and
• FHL3.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109787 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029178 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Crossley M (April 1996). "Isolation and Characterization of the cDNA Encoding BKLF/TEF-2, a Major CACCC-Box-Binding Protein in Erythroid Cells and Selected Other Cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 16 (4): 1695–705. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.4.1695. PMC 231156. PMID 8657145.
6. Turner J, Nicholas H, Bishop D, Matthews JM, Crossley M (2003). "The LIM protein FHL3 binds basic Krüppel-like factor/Krüppel-like factor 3 and its co-repressor C-terminal-binding protein 2". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (15): 12786–95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300587200. PMID 12556451.
7. Turner J, Crossley M (1998). "Cloning and characterization of mCtBP2, a co-repressor that associates with basic Krüppel-like factor and other mammalian transcriptional regulators". EMBO J. 17 (17): 5129–40. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.17.5129. PMC 1170841. PMID 9724649.
8. Funnell AP, Norton LJ, Mak KS, Burdach J, Artuz CM, Twine NA, Wilkins MR, Power CA, Hung TT, Perdomo J, Koh P, Bell-Anderson KS, Orkin SH, Fraser ST, Perkins AC, Pearson RC, Crossley M (August 2012). "The CACCC-binding protein KLF3/BKLF represses a subset of KLF1/EKLF target genes and is required for proper erythroid maturation in vivo". Mol. Cell. Biol. 32 (16): 3281–92. doi:10.1128/MCB.00173-12. PMC 3434552. PMID 22711990.
9. Eaton SA, Funnell AP, Sue N, Nicholas H, Pearson RC, Crossley M (August 2008). "A network of Krüppel-like Factors (Klfs). Klf8 is repressed by Klf3 and activated by Klf1 in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 283 (40): 26937–47. doi:10.1074/jbc.M804831200. PMC 2556010. PMID 18687676.
10. Funnell AP, Mak KS, Twine NA, Pelka GJ, Norton LJ, Radziewic T, Power M, Wilkins MR, Bell-Anderson KS, Fraser ST, Perkins AC, Tam PP, Pearson RC, Crossley M (August 2013). "Generation of Mice Deficient in both KLF3/BKLF and KLF8 Reveals a Genetic Interaction and a Role for These Factors in Embryonic Globin Gene Silencing". Mol. Cell. Biol. 33 (15): 2976–87. doi:10.1128/MCB.00074-13. PMC 3719677. PMID 23716600.
11. Sue N, Jack BH, Eaton SA, Pearson RC, Funnell AP, Turner J, Czolij R, Denyer G, Bao S, Molero-Navajas JC, Perkins A, Fujiwara Y, Orkin SH, Bell-Anderson K, Crossley M (Jun 2008). "Targeted disruption of the basic Kruppel-like factor gene (Klf3) reveals a role in adipogenesis". Mol Cell Biol. 28 (12): 3967–78. doi:10.1128/MCB.01942-07. PMC 2423134. PMID 18391014.
12. Vu TT, Gatto D, Turner V, Funnell AP, Mak KS, Norton LJ, Kaplan W, Cowley MJ, Agenès F, Kirberg J, Brink R, Pearson RC, Crossley M (November 2011). "Impaired B cell development in the absence of Krüppel-like factor 3". J. Immunol. 187 (10): 5032–42. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1101450. PMID 22003205.
13. Bell-Anderson KS, Funnell AP, Williams H, Mat Jusoh H, Scully T, Lim WF, Burdach JG, Mak KS, Knights AJ, Hoy AJ, Nicholas HR, Sainsbury A, Turner N, Pearson RC, Crossley M (April 2013). "Loss of Kruppel-like Factor 3 (KLF3/BKLF) leads to upregulation of the insulin-sensitizing factor adipolin (FAM132A/CTRP12/C1qdc2)". Diabetes. 62 (8): 2728–37. doi:10.2337/db12-1745. PMC 3717849. PMID 23633521.
14. Pearson RC, Funnell AP, Crossley M (February 2011). "The mammalian zinc finger transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3/BKLF)". IUBMB Life. 63 (2): 86–93. doi:10.1002/iub.422. PMID 21360637. S2CID 38842040.

Further reading

• Turner J, Crossley M (2000). "Basic Krüppel-like factor functions within a network of interacting haematopoietic transcription factors". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 31 (10): 1169–74. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(99)00067-9. PMID 10582345.
• Wang MJ, Qu XH, Wang LS, Zhai Y, Wu SL, He FC (2003). "cDNA cloning, subcellular localization and tissue expression of a new human Krüppel-like transcription factor: human basic Krüppel-like factor (hBKLF)". Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 30 (1): 1–9. PMID 12812068.
• Perdomo J, Verger A, Turner J, Crossley M (2005). "Role for SUMO modification in facilitating transcriptional repression by BKLF". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (4): 1549–59. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.4.1549-1559.2005. PMC 548027. PMID 15684403.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983. S2CID 7827573.

External links

• KLF3 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)