NFIX

Nuclear factor 1 X-type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFIX gene.[5][6][7] NFI-X3, a splice variant of NFIX, regulates Glial fibrillary acidic protein and YKL-40 in astrocytes.[8]

NFIX
Identifiers
AliasesNFIX, MRSHSS, NF1A, SOTOS2, nuclear factor I X, NF1-X, NF-I/X, CTF
External IDsOMIM: 164005 MGI: 97311 HomoloGene: 1872 GeneCards: NFIX
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 19 (human)[1]
Band19p13.13Start12,995,608 bp[1]
End13,098,796 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4784

18032

Ensembl

ENSG00000008441

ENSMUSG00000001911

UniProt

Q14938

P70257

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001081981
NM_001081982
NM_001297601
NM_010906

RefSeq (protein)
Location (UCSC)Chr 19: 13 – 13.1 MbChr 8: 84.7 – 84.8 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Interactions

Nfix has been shown to interact with SKI protein[9] and it is also known to interact with AP-1.[8] NFI-X3 has been shown to interact with STAT3.[8]

In embryonic cells, Nfix has been shown to regulate intermediate progenitor cell (IPC) generation by promoting the transcription of the protein inscuteable (INSC). INSC regulates spindle orientation to facilitate the division of radial glia cells into IPC's. Nfix is thought to be necessary for the commitment of glia progeny into the intermediate progenitors. Mutations may cause overproduction of radial glia, impaired and improperly timed IPC development, and underproduction of neurons. [10]

In adult development, the timing of neural differentiation is regulated by Nfix to promote ongoing growth of the hippocampus and proper memory function. Nfix may suppress oligodendrocyte expression so cells remain committed to neuron development within the dentate gyrus. Intermediate progenitor cells can divide to produce neuroblasts. Neurons produced by Nfix null IPC's do not mature, usually die, and can contribute to cognitive impairments.[11]

Nfix interacts with myostatin and regulates temporal progression of muscle regeneration through modulation of myostatin expression. Nfix also inhibits slow-twith muscle phenotype.[12][13]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000008441 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001911 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Seisenberger C, Winnacker EL, Scherthan H (Aug 1993). "Localisation of the human nuclear factor I/X (NFI/X) gene to chromosome 19p13 and detection of five other related loci at 1p21-22, 1q42-43, 5q15, 11p13 and 20q13 by FISH". Hum Genet. 91 (6): 535–537. doi:10.1007/bf00205076. PMID 8340106. S2CID 22365562.
  6. Qian F, Kruse U, Lichter P, Sippel AE (Dec 1995). "Chromosomal localization of the four genes (NFIA, B, C, and X) for the human transcription factor nuclear factor I by FISH". Genomics. 28 (1): 66–73. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1107. PMID 7590749.
  7. "Entrez Gene: NFIX nuclear factor I/X (CCAAT-binding transcription factor)".
  8. Singh SK, Bhardwaj R, Wilczynska KM, Dumur CI, Kordula T (November 2011). "A complex of nuclear factor I-X3 and STAT3 regulates astrocyte and glioma migration through the secreted glycoprotein YKL-40". J. Biol. Chem. 286 (46): 39893–39903. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.257451. PMC 3220556. PMID 21953450.
  9. Tarapore P, Richmond C, Zheng G, Cohen SB, Kelder B, Kopchick J, Kruse U, Sippel AE, Colmenares C, Stavnezer E (October 1997). "DNA binding and transcriptional activation by the Ski oncoprotein mediated by interaction with NFI". Nucleic Acids Res. 25 (19): 3895–3903. doi:10.1093/nar/25.19.3895. PMC 146989. PMID 9380514.
  10. Harris, Lachlan; Zalucki, Oressia; Gobius, Ilan; McDonald, Hannah; Osinki, Jason; Harvey, Tracey J.; Essebier, Alexandra; Vidovic, Diana; Gladwyn-Ng, Ivan; Burne, Thomas H.; Heng, Julian I.; Richards, Linda J.; Gronostajski, Richard M.; Piper, Michael (2016-10-28). "Transcriptional Regulation of Intermediate Progenitor Cell Generation during Hippocampal Development". Development. 143: 4620–4630. doi:10.1242/dev.140681.
  11. Harris, Lachlan; Zalucki, Oressia; Clément, Olivier; Fraser, James; Matuzelski, Elise; Oishi, Sabrina; Harvey, Tracey J.; Burne, Thomas H. J.; Heng, Julian I.; Richards, Linda J.; Gronostajski, Richard M.; Piper, Michael (2018-02-07). "Neurogenic Differentation by Hippocampal Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells is Biased by NFIX Expression". Development. 145: 1–12. doi:10.1242/dev.155689.
  12. "Enhanced exercise and regenerative capacity in a mouse model that violates size constraints of oxidative muscle fibres | eLife".
  13. "Nfix Regulates Temporal Progression of Muscle Regeneration through Modulation of Myostatin Expression: Cell Reports".

Further reading

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